该文章主要完成： 1、定制下载ERA5数据 2、nc数据提取为各个单波段影像 3、提取后的各个波段进行栅格运算和保存

1、定制下载ERA5数据 ERA在线编译器下载ERA5数据：利用数据平台的在线编译器toolbox-editor，编写脚本文件，将GRIB格式数据转为nc格式进行下载，脚本如下： API下载ERA5数据

import cdsapi

c = cdsapi.Client()
for i in range (2019,2020):
    print (i)
    c.retrieve(
        'reanalysis-era5-single-levels-monthly-means',
        {
            'product_type': 'monthly_averaged_reanalysis',
            'variable': 'total_precipitation',
            'year': str(i),
            'month': [
                '01', '02', '03',
                '04', '05', '06',
                '07', '08', '09',
                '10', '11', '12',
            ],
            'time': '00:00',
            'format': 'netcdf',
        },
        '%sera5tp.nc' %(i))

2、nc数据处理 arcpy.MakeNetCDFRasterLayer_md工具介绍 arcpy.CopyRaster_management工具介绍 arcpy.MakeRasterLayer_management工具介绍

#coding=utf-8
import arcpy
import os
from arcpy.sa import *
#增加模块
arcpy.CheckOutExtension("spatial")

for i in range(1979,2020):
    print('start')
    #%s_ERA_ECV_air_temperature.nc 原始数据
    arcpy.MakeNetCDFRasterLayer_md(in_netCDF_file="【目录】/%s_ERA_ECV_air_temperature.nc" %str(i),
                                   variable="tas",
                                   x_dimension="lon",
                                   y_dimension="lat",
                                   out_raster_layer="tas_Layer%s" %str(i),
                                   band_dimension="time",
                                   dimension_values="",
                                   value_selection_method="BY_VALUE")

    #%stas.tif 已经将nc数据转为多波段的tif
    arcpy.CopyRaster_management(in_raster="tas_Layer%s" %str(i),
                                out_rasterdataset="【目录】/%stas.tif" %str(i),
                                config_keyword="",
                                background_value="",
                                nodata_value="1.#QNAN0e+000",
                                onebit_to_eightbit="NONE",
                                colormap_to_RGB="NONE",
                                pixel_type="",
                                scale_pixel_value="NONE",
                                RGB_to_Colormap="NONE"
                                )
    for j in range(1,13):
        print "MakeRas_tif%s_%s" %(str(i),str(j))
        arcpy.MakeRasterLayer_management("【目录】/%stas.tif" %str(i),"MakeRas_tif%s_%s" %(str(i),str(j)),"#","-180.125 -90.125 179.875 90.125","%s" %str(j))

    outPlus = Raster("MakeRas_tif%s_1" %str(i)) + Raster("MakeRas_tif%s_2" %str(i))

    outPlus.save("【目录】/%savetas.tif" %str(i))
    print('end')